Discuss the pharmacological management that Nancy is receiving for her COPD including the pharmacodynamics of these medications. Link your discussion to the relevant pathophysiology of the condition.

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PSYCHOLOGYPaper, Order, or Assignment Requirements
PART A 1000 words
Discuss the pathophysiology of COPD with a focus on Nancy’s predominate disease. Include the pathophysiology of Nancy’s current clinical manifestations of her COPD.
This section should have its own Introduction, Conclusion and reference list with the APA style guide using your prescribed texts and at least 15 peer-reviewed sources.
PART B 1500 words
Discuss the pharmacological management that Nancy is receiving for her COPD including the pharmacodynamics of these medications. Link your discussion to the relevant pathophysiology of the condition.
Discuss the ongoing care plan for Nancy including the ongoing management for further exacerbations. You should include:
(a) Nursing care & activities
(b) Ongoing assessment
(c) The functions of the interdisciplinary team members that could aid in Nancy’s care
(d) Education
Read MoreNursingPaper, Order, or Assignment Requirements
Jacqueline Collins
Unit 1 Discussion 1
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.Review these articles already provided in the study section of this unit in preparation for this discussion:◾Read Furst, Finto, Malouf-Todaro, Moore, Orr, Santos, Sutton, and Tipton’s 2013 article, “Changing Times: Enhancing Clinical Practice Through Evolving Technology,” from Medsurg Nursing, volume 22, issue 2, pages 131–134. This article will be used in the first discussion in this unit.◾Read Murphy’s 2010 article, “Nursing and Technology: A Love/Hate Relationship,” from Nursing Economics, volume 28, issue 6, pages 405–408. This article will be used in the first discussion of this unit.◾Read Schwartz’s 2012 article, “Helping Drive Health Care’s Fast-Moving Technology Train,” from Science of Caring, volume 24, issue 1, pages 14–20. This article will be used in the first and second discussion of this unit.
•Select two examples of current technology used in the delivery of patient care. Use Electronic health record and Barcode technology. One technology should be used for data management and one for direct care.•Discuss how the technology contributes to safety and quality in the care of patients.•Discuss how specific data is tracked, monitored, stored, or trended.•Discuss how the technology could be enhanced for the future.
Your initial post should be about 150 words. Use at least one APA-formatted reference and that can be a text, any assigned readings, or a reference you find on your own through the Capella Library.
Read MoreHaematology Case Study ReportPaper, Order, or Assignment Requirements
Mrs. Kathy Jones comes in for regular transfusion and informs the doctor that she is pregnant. Doctor sends her to prenatal clinic with some notes. The prenatal clinic asks her and father of the baby (Mr. Mitchell Jones) to undergo genetic testing followed by counseling. The couple returns for blood test and is tested for FBE, Haemoglobin Electrophoresis and High Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC).
After birth, child (baby Andrew Jones) is not feeding or thriving very well and an Hb electrophoresis, HPLC is also performed on the child.
Tasks:
• You will have to review the following blood film images and interpret the results of Hb electrophoresis and HPLC demonstrated on mother Kathy, father Mitchell and baby Andrew.• Interpret & report on your results. What is your diagnosis for Andrew based on the family’s medical history and test reports? Why do you think his mother has been on regular transfusion?• In your report include the pathophysiology and possible treatment for all family members. Are there any risks to any more children this couple may want to have together in future?
For the purpose of writing this report (manuscript in form of a publishable paper) please include a background (about the conditions family members may have), aim of this experimentation, material and method, results (tabulate all family results in simple easy to understand manner with table and/or figure numbers with captions) and, discussion (including interpretation of results, pathophysiology of all the conditions the family members have, possible treatment and risk to future family members) and conclusion. Please use Harvard referencing system and submit the report to Turnitin.
Please include the FBE reports of the family with your comments on the morphology as appendix in your case study report. Please feel free to also use the Hb electrophoresis images and the HPLC charts to indicate any abnormality. Unfortunately the differential white cell counts are not available and hence you need not comment on the WBC or platelet morphology in your report.
A detailed guide to writing the report and a template is provided to you, to aid in writing the report.
Read MoreInterview Analysis W2 D2Paper, Order, or Assignment Requirements
Interview Analysis W2 D2Select the Diagnostic, Case History, Interview, and Treatment tabs to watch the respective videos. As you watch the interviews, note the identifiable diagnostic criteria.For this week you will be reviewing the following disorders:ADHDTourette’s syndromeParanoid schizophreniaFor each disorder:First review the diagnosis and case history of the disorder.Go to the interview section and choose at least 3 themes, asking at least one question for each.Make sure to keep notes on the questions and the answers that were given.Prepare a case summary covering the following points.Describe the diagnostic criteria for each disorder.List the interview questions that you used. Explain why you chose those questions. Summarize the responses given to your questions.Describe the treatments for each disorder.
Disorders Common in Childhood
Disorders first observed in childhood can be much harder to diagnose than adult disorders for several reasons:
Traits that would be considered abnormal in adulthood can often be considered normal developmental behaviors in a child, including grandiosity and egocentrism.Characteristics of adult disorders can appear different in children. For example, depression often exhibits in children as agitation or aggression, but it is more likely to exhibit in adulthood as lethargy.Many times childhood disorders are not diagnosed until the person has reached adulthood, so information necessary for meeting diagnostic criteria must be gathered from friends’ and family’s memories, as opposed to currently observable behaviors or self-reports.One of the major changes that came with the DSM-5 is the removal of the mulitaxial system of diagnosis. In its place, consideration was given to gender and cultural considerations as well as developmental and life-span considerations. The life-span consideration is important to consider in the change in diagnostic criteria when it comes to mental disorders diagnosed in children. Many mental disorders now have specific criteria particular for childhood onset. The following disorders are a specific set of disorders that begin in childhood (American Psychiatric Association, 2013b):
Intellectual disabilitiesCommunication disordersLanguage disorderAutism spectrum disorderAttention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD)Specific learning disorderMotor disordersDevelopmental coordination disorderStereotypic movement disorderTic disordersTourette’s disorderPlease follow Assignment material BelowDisorders Of childrenOther neurodevelopmental disordersIt is important to remember that children can suffer from the same disorders (with the exception of personality disorders) as adults. However, this lecture focuses on disorders in which the symptoms must be present in childhood to have been diagnosed. In addition, remember that children often exhibit behavioral and emotional problems that don’t necessarily meet formal diagnostic criteria yet are troubling to parents and teachers. For example, children may have nightmares or normal enuresis or exhibit lying or noncompliance.Let’s focus on what is arguably one of the most hotly debated disorders in the DSM: ADHD.ADHDADHD centers on chronic inattention. It is a good example of a disorder that is often diagnosed for the first time in adulthood. It is very common to find college students whose ADHD is undetected until they are in college because they are so intelligent. In college, when they are required to manage their time and beself-disciplined, their symptoms of ADHD are suddenly quite distressing. Sometimes, they go to the counseling center not understanding why they are not succeeding in school. The clinician must ascertain from the college student and parents or guardians whether or not there were symptoms of ADHD present earlier in the student’s life.People with ADHD can appear very different from one another depending on the symptoms that accompany the inattention. The following graphic describes the symptoms of ADHD:
ADHD Diagnosis and TreatmentIssues Surrounding Diagnosis and Treatment of ADHDBefore discussing issues surrounding ADHD treatment, keep in mind that many scientists and clinicians disagree on the usefulness of labeling children as having any disorders. Research and debate on ADHD have truly brought this disagreement to the forefront of the media. Arguments abound as to whether or not ADHD exists as a disorder or whether it is a label for children that previous generations would have called active or undisciplined. Some of this debate has been settled by very recent brain imaging studies, which have identified brain processing differences between those diagnosed with ADHD and those not.Another debate has centered on the psychopharmacology of ADHD: Are physicians overeager to medicate children and adults with ADHD? Is ADHD truly as prevalent in our schools as it seems? Although the DSM reports that the prevalence rate for ADHD hovers between 1 and 7 percent of all children, there are theorists who believe that there are much higher rates of students who are taking medications or receiving accommodations for ADHD.
The affect of ADHD on children or adults can be mediated with behavioral strategies. However, medication seems to be the more effective yet controversial treatment. Most of the medications are stimulant-based. (There is an exception, but the therapeutic efficacy of the non stimulant-based medications seems to be much lower than that of the stimulant-based medications.) The use of a stimulant to treat a disorder centered on distractibility and hyperactivity seems counterintuitive to many people. However, if you understand the biology of ADHD, it makes perfect sense.The brain requires a minimum level of stimulation in order to function optimally. For individuals with ADHD, their brains are actually producing a less-than-minimum amount of stimulation—they are under-stimulated. Their distractibility or hyperactivity is their brains’ way of compensating by seeking out additional stimulation (either from the environment or through motor movement) to obtain that minimum level necessary for functioning. Therefore, when given stimulant medications, their brains get what they need. The brain no longer needs to compensate, so the individual is actually able to relax. Therefore, a person who legitimately has ADHD will seem calmer, better able to concentrate, or better able to sleep after taking a stimulant. However, the person without ADHD will have more energy, have less need for sleep, or be more agitated after taking a stimulant. Therefore, you can use a person’s response to stimulant medications as a discriminator between those with ADHD and those without ADHD.Two important notes to keep in mind as we conclude this discussion:Stimulant medications are highly addictive and are often sought by non-ADHD individuals who desire their side-effects (such as weight loss or ability to “pull all-nighters” or a single night of total sleep deprivation). For this reason, they are classified as Schedule II drugs (which are drugs having a high potential for abuse) and prescriptions for them must be renewed monthly in attempts to limit abuse.Some clinicians currently hypothesize that there is a second type of ADHD—an adult onset type. This is a relatively new area of research.
Autism Spectrum DisorderFor the DSM-5, there were significant changes to pervasive developmental disorders (PDDs). PDDs were a set of disorders that occur due to delays in development. Prior to DSM-5, the different PDDs included autism, Asperger’s syndrome, Rett syndrome, childhood disintegrative disorder, and PDD Not Otherwise Specified (NOS). According to the American Psychiatric Association (2013a), research has shown that the different diagnoses weren’t applied consistently and many of the symptoms were similar. Several disorders were eliminated and merged into one called autism spectrum disorder.The main features of autism spectrum disorder include (American Psychiatric Association, 2013b):Deficits in social communicationSocial interactionsNon-verbal communication skillsUnderstanding relationshipsRestrictive repetitive behaviorsRepetitive motor movementsRitualized behaviorsStrong interests in unusual objectsHeightened sensitivity to sensory stimulation.Intellectual Developmental DisorderIn 2010, President Obama signed into law Public Law 111–256, which changed a reference from mental retardation to intellectual disability. The law is also known as Rosa’s Law due to a family’s advocacy to change the way in which a person with intellectual disabilities is viewed. The terms mental retardation and “retarded” are viewed as a derogatory labels that are often stigmatizing. When DSM-5 was published, the term mental retardation was removed and replaced with intellectual disabilities. One of the other major changes in the diagnosis of intellectual disabilities was the discontinued use of an intelligence quotient (IQ) alone to establish the level of disability.Intellectual Developmental Disorder (IDD) main characteristics include the following domains (American Psychiatric Association, 2013c):Conceptual domainReading/WritingReasoningKnowledgeMemorySocial domainSocial judgmentInterpersonal communication skillsEmpathyPractical domainPersonal careJob responsibilitiesMoney managementRecreationOrganizing school and work tasksThe severity level (e.g., deficits in the domains above) is mild, moderate, severe, or profound. DSM-5 doesn’t provide a specific age of onset but does describe that IDD is diagnosed only during the developmental period of the individual.
Neurocognitive DisordersThe cognitive disorders focus on disturbances in the individual’s ability to function cognitively, including thinking, reasoning, or memory. There are two primary concepts that underline cognitive disorders:Delirium: It is a lapse in consciousness and impairment in the thought process.Dementia: It is significant memory loss along with a loss of multiple cognitive processes such as abstract thinking or language.The movies would have us believe that amnesia (loss of memory), a type of delirium, is a relatively common occurrence. The hero or heroine has a shock and loses his or her memory. Usually in these plotlines, the individual suffers anterograde amnesia—the individual forgets everything leading up to his or her shock. However, in reality, retrograde amnesia is much more common. This type of amnesia produces an inability or impairment in forming new memories. For example, an individual suffers a brain trauma. The individual would be able to remember his or her past, but would have difficulty forming new memories, as described in the following case:
Read MorePutting Research into Practice/Reducing Anxiety Pre cardiac catheterization through educationPaper, Order, or Assignment Requirements
Give the background of the problem REDUCING ANXIETY PRE CARDIAC CATHETERIZATION
Formulate a clinically relevant research evidence based practice question about the problem
Identify desired outcomes and clearly relate them to The clinical problem and
Discuss the significance of the problem to the profession of nursing. In this section discuss the overall importance of quality and process improvement to inform care outcomes.
Discuss at least three valuable methods for dissemination of research findings.

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